P). The first of the recent spate of conventions aiming to govern global industrial activity is the one to protect the ozone layer. 1). India signed the Montreal Protocol on 17 September 1992. 2). But China has, till recently, not signed the treaty, calling its provisions unfair and discriminatory. 3). The convention, known as the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, 1985, was followed by the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. 4). It was signed in 1987 by the United States, the European Community and 22 other countries, including India. Q). Such an act came unexpectedly from China which is one of the most rapidly developing countries.
Answer: B The words “the recent spate of conventions” in ‘P’ find a continuations in ‘3’ which
tells about Vienna conventions for the protection of ozone layer. ‘4’ follows 3. The
words it was signed….. “ refer to the Vienna convention.
Subsequently ‘1’ follows, which says India has signed the Monterial Protocol.
Further 2 says that China has not signed the treaty. Thus ‘2’ precedes ‘Q’
Q. No. 32:
1. I suspect that part of the appeal lies in an intrinsic quality of the images themselves, namely the image statistics that underlie what we perceive to be natural images. 2. Both the “Mountains of Creation ” of Spitzer and Moran’s “The Teton Range” communicate something topographic that results from the manner in which the overall scale relates to its cragginess. 3. Real-world images contain structural information over a range of scales that communicates verisimilitude. 4. As we attempt to capitalize on the public outreach potential, we should take a moment to consider the quality of people’s aesthetic response by considering the study of Hubble imagery, by doctoral student Elizabeth Kessler who compared Hubble imagery to paintings by members of the Hudson School, such as Albert Bierstadt or Thomas Moran: “The Hubble images are part of the Romantic landscape tradition — they fit that popular, familiar model of what the natural world should look like.”
Answer: C According to the given options sentence 1, 3 or 4 can be the opening sentence of the paragraph. Sentence 1 contains ‘I suspect that part of the appeal’. This cannot be the opening sentence because ‘that part’ refers to a specific part which has not been discussed yet. Sentence 3 explains the content of ‘Real world images’ whereas sentence 4 introduces the subject of study and ‘The Hubble’. Hence, 4 is the opening sentence. So, options B and C can be considered. Sentence 1 continues the narrative tone and the idea that is introduced in 4. Sentence 4 explains that the images are a familiar model of what the natural world should look like.” This ‘appeal’ of the images which are familiar to reality should follow sentence 4. Sentence 3 refers to ‘Real images and 2 provides specific examples. Hence, C is correct.
Q. No. 33:
1). The chaos experienced by the Penan is not a part of their traditional religious imaginations, not a myth and not a ritual construct - It is an alarming fact. 2). Order cannot be maintained and “the chaotic” gradually takes over; however, this chaos is not of the creative kind that is periodically embraced in order to refresh life, as we know it from other cultures. It is not a chaotic disintegration that is necessary for a new order to come about, as we know it from numerous myths and rituals. 3). The interpretation of what the birds relate takes place in social interaction between human beings - When the forest dies and the birds go away, there are no divinatory messages to interpret, and therefore neither a physical, nor a social-cognitive space in which the Penan can operate: thus people loose their sense of orientation and their sense of meaning. 4). But what do you do if that, which used to define your direction, is gone? The people I met were in distress as they felt abandoned and confused: The implicit map that used to be drawn by the birds is no longer created, and the precondition for the most important social events, the nomadic movements in the landscape and the hunt, is gone: “People with no direction and no purpose”, the man said.
Answer: D According to the given options all the sentences can be the proposed beginning for the paragraph. However sentence 1 refers to ‘the chaos experienced by the Penan’ but one does not know what sort of chaos the author is mentioning here. Sentence 2 explains that ‘Order cannot be maintained and “the chaotic” gradually takes over’ but how is it that the order cannot be maintained. This is unclear. Sentence 3 specifically refers to the birds and sentence 4 begins with a question and the author’s visit. Hence, 4 is the opening sentence. Sentence 4 explains the importance of the birds that is carried on in sentence 3. Also, in 3 ‘people loose their sense’ directly relates to ‘order cannot be maintained’ in 2 and sentence 1 provides the conclusion.
Q. No. 34:
1). Irish-Argentines have had a significant influence in football,
rugby, field hockey, basketball, polo and other sports. Relations
between Ireland and the region were enhanced through frequent sporting
contacts. 2). Central to this is the influence Irish immigrants
and Argentines of Irish origin have had on the dissemination and
development of these sports. In addition to this, a specific
contribution was made with the introduction of hurling to
Argentina. 3). The prominence given to the successes of
Argentina in a wide variety of sports in recent times, in particular
those of British origin, has created a greater awareness of the
important contribution ingleses have made to the diffusion of the sport
in Latin America and Iberia through the bonds of informal
empire. 4). As Ireland has now become a net recipient of
migrants and home to communities from Latin America and Iberia, it is
likely that in the future they will in turn make their mark in those
sports which the Irish played a part in diffusing and developing in
their countries of origin.
Answer: B According to the given options all the sentences can be the proposed beginning for the paragraph. Sentence 1 explains that ‘Relations between Ireland and the region were enhanced through frequent sporting contacts.’ But, it is not clear which region. Sentence 2 begins with ‘Central to this’ but what is ‘this’ referring to, one cannot say. Sentence 4 includes ‘those sports’ but which sports, one cannot say. Sentence 3 begins with the idea of sports and the contribution of Argentina. The idea of ‘this influence’ is continued in sentence 2 and 1. Also, sentence 1 names the various sports and connects with ‘those sports’ in sentence 4.
Q. No. 35:
1). The communist era had begun: Its goal was equality and peace for all, and forever. 2). The new Soviet government quickly stripped all land from owners, and forbade the holding of private property. 3). Days after the successful revolution, Lenin called a meeting of all-Russian Soviets. 4). He opened this Congress with words of characteristic bravado: “We shall now proceed to the construction of the communist order.” 5). Hired labor was outlawed. Banks and businesses would be “nationalized” gradually; that is, they would come under state control, so that owners could not divide profits unfairly. 6). Fields were to be redistributed according to need.
Answer: D 3 marks the opening of the current scenario in Russia, 34 form the mandatory pair, Lenin is the antecedent for ‘he’. 2 spells out the new government’s agenda, and the rest follows.
Q. No. 36:
1). It is now pretty much forgotten that the matter was determined, neither by astronomy nor by arrogance, but by physics. 2). In most matters, we have little choice but to rely on authority. 3). Indeed, there is now little awareness of what the rationes veritatis were for a stationary earth. 4). We could have lived for two thousand years believing that the universe revolved around the earth, and been justified, but then end up told that we were wrong. 5). Even most astronomers probably believe that it was hubris, the ego-centrism of humanity, or the stupidity of religious superstition that dictated the centrality of the earth. 6). This also means, in turn, that we actually have no way of knowing if our knowledge is really knowledge or not.
Answer: A 2 is the opener, 6 is closely related to 2, 4 takes the general idea forward specifically, with 3 & 5 following it logically and 1 making the final statement