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Intelligence And Critical Reasoning | Syllogism

Q. No. 37:	In the question given below, you are given two statement followed by two conclusions P and Q. You have to take the statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with the commonly known facts. You have to decide which of the given conclusions definitely follow from the given statements. Statements : Some tanks are ponds. Some ponds are buckets. Conclusions : P. Some buckets are ponds. Q. Some tanks are buckets.
A :	If only Q follows
B :	If only P follows
C :	If either P or Q follows
D :	If neither P nor Q follows

Solution Answer: B

Q. No. 38:	In the question given below, you are given two statement followed by two conclusions P and Q. You have to take the statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with the commonly known facts. You have to decide which of the given conclusions definitely follow from the given statements. Statements : All young scientists are open minded. No open minded are superstitious Conclusions : P. No scientist is superstitious. Q. No young people are superstitious.
A :	If only P follows
B :	If only Q follows
C :	If either P or Q follows
D :	If neither P nor Q follows

Solution Answer: D P does not follow because statements indicates only young scientists.

Q. No. 39:	The question has a statement followed by two assumptions/ conclusions. find the implicit assumption(s) / conclusion(s). Statement : All birds are dog and some dogs are cat. Conclusion : P. Some cats are not dogs. Q. All dogs are not birds.
A :	Both P and Q are implicit.
B :	Only Q is implicit
C :	Only P is implicit
D :	Neither P nor Q is implicit

Solution Answer: D Statements 'all birds are dogs'(type-A) and statement 'some dogs are cats'(type-I) does not give any conclusion.

Each of the question below is based on a set of given proposition I to IV. Select the best answer to each of these questions :

(I). All P are Q.
(II). Some P are not Q.
(III). Some, but not all, P are Q.
(IV). No P is Q.

Q. No. 1:	Considered only by themselves, which of the following pairs of statements might either both be true or both be false ?
A :	I and II
B :	II and III
C :	I and III
D :	I and IV
Solution Answer: B II and III make complimentary pairs of propositions. Hence, they might either both be true or both be false.

Q. No. 2:	Considered only by themselves, all of the following pairs of statements might both be false but could not both be true EXCEPT ?
A :	I and II
B :	I and III
C :	I and IV
D :	II and IV
Solution Answer: A If II and IV are true together, we get contradictions. II implies that some P are Q whereas IV clearly states that NO P is Q.

Q. No. 3:	Which of the following pairs of statements considered by themselves cannot both be true and cannot both be false ?
A :	I and II
B :	II and III
C :	I and III
D :	II and IV
Solution Answer: A I and II make such pairs.

Q. No. 4:	Which of the following correctly describes the relationship among the above statements?
A :	I, II and III could all be false
B :	I, II and III could all be true
C :	II, III and IV could all be true
D :	II, III and IV could all be false
Solution Answer: A I, Ii and III could all be false.

Q. No. 41:	Statement : All lawyers are extrovert. Some wise man are extrovert. Conclusion : p). All lawyers are wise man. q). All wise man are lawyers. r). Some extrovert are wiseman. s). All extrovet are lawyers.
A :	Only p follows
B :	only q and r follows
C :	only p and r follows
D :	only r follows

Solution Answer: D From the diagram we conclude that some extrovert are wiseman.

Q. No. 42:	Statement : Some balls are points. All points are pens. All pens are gels. Conclusion : I. All balls are pens. II. All pens are balls.
A :	If only I follow
B :	If only II follow
C :	If either I or II follows
D :	If neither I nor II follows

Solution Answer: D

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Syllogism