In 1985 there were 20 deaths from automobile accident per 1,000 miles traveled. A total of 20,000 miles were traveled via automobiles in 1985. In the same year, 800 people died in airplane crashes and 400 people were killed in train disasters. A statistician concluded that it was more dangerous to travel by plane, train, and automobile, in that order.
Which of the following refuses the statistician's conclusions?
A :
There is no common denominator by which to compare the number of deaths resulting from each mode of travel.
B :
One year is insufficient to reach such a conclusion.
C :
More people travel by car than any other mode of transport, therefore, the probability of a car accident is greater.
D :
The probability of being killed in a train disaster and as a result of a car crash is the same.
Answer: D Probability 20/1000 and 400/20000 is the same.
Q. No. 20:
Product shipments of household appliances are expected to rise to $17 billion next year, an average annual increase of 8.0 percent over the past five years. The real growth rate, after allowing for probable price increases, is expected to be about 4.3 percent each year, resulting in shipments this year of $ 14 billion in 1987 dollars.
Each of the following, if true, could help to account for this trend EXCEPT:
Answer: D The demand for electrical goods is increasing. This would not be possible if tax advantages decreased and consumers had less income to spend.
Q. No. 21:
Each year's increase or decrease in the trade deficit (merchandise imports greater than exports) is calculated in relation to the previous year's. In 1976, imports of private vehicles were 10 percent higher than in 1975, while imports of vehicles including commercial vans was 15 percent higher than in 1975. That 15 percent increase was one and half times the increase recorded in 1975.
If the formation above is accurate, which of the following must be true?
A :
In 1976, the increase, if any, of commercial vehicle imports was smaller than the increase in imports of private vehicles.
B :
In 1976, the increase, if any, of commercial vehicle imports was greater than the increase in imports of private vehicles.
C :
In 1975, more commercial vehicles were imported than private vehicles.
D :
The average number of private vehicles imported in 1975 declined.
Answer: B The increase was 15%, so we can say that the number was higher.
Q. No. 22:
I). The term “Clever Hans” refers to a horse who responded to questions requiring mathematical calculations by tapping his hoof. If asked by his master, William Von Osten, what is the sum of 3 plus 2, the horse would tap his hoof five times. It appeared the animal was responding to human language and was capable of grasping mathematical concepts. II). It is often the case that animals are thought to show evidence of linguistic abilities that they do not possess. Andhumans are thought to be capable of grasping psychic messages when they are just sensitive to the unconscious signaling of others.
Which of the following is true?
A :
The point above in (II) contradicts the speaker’s argument in (I).
B :
The point above in (II) extends the speaker’s argument in (I).
C :
The point above in (II) is similar to the speaker’s argument in (I).
D :
The point above in (II) strengthens the speaker’s argument in (I).
Answer: A Passage (II) contradicts the speaker’s argument by negating the mathematical capabilities of the horse mentioned in (I). This makes option (A) as the correct answer option.
Q. No. 23:
Besides personal experience, the only kind of research aromatherapists seem interested in is in reading what other aromatherapists have said or believed about plants or oils. The practitioners and salespersons of aromatherapeutic products seem singularly uninterested in scientific testing of their claims, many of which are empirical and could be easily tested. Of course, there are many aromatherapists who make non-testable claims, such as claims regarding how certain oils will affect their “subtle body,” bring balance to their chakra, restore harmony to their energy flow, return one to their center, or contribute to spiritual growth. Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with?
A :
Aromatherapy is said to restore or enhance mental, emotional, physical or spiritual health
B :
Aromatherapists are not concerned about the scientific testing of their claims, which other wise can be empirically tested; instead they make ambiguous claims which are difficult to test.
C :
When aromatherapists get into professional debates about empirical matters it is generally over such matters as whether natural oils are superior to synthetic ones.
D :
References to scientific studies of the issue are sought in vain.
Answer: B The passage derides the scientific basis of aromatherapy, option (B) is in accordance with the author’s skepticism about its grounding in science.
Q. No. 24:
Employee recognition can help companies build and maintain engaged
workforces that are productive, conscientious and loyal. But to be
effective, recognition programs must touch a large portion of the
workforce, emphasize timely acknowledgement and allow organizations to
reap benefits that enhance the employer-employee relationship.When
employee rewards and recognition initiatives are discussed with senior
management, office parties and one-off gift certificates typically come
to mind. Efforts often involve discretionary spending without
measurable outcomes or business impact. Long-term strategic planning
often is neglected, putting the value and sustainability of recognition
and rewards programs at risk. A person seeking to defend the argument that employee
recognition initiatives are effective might argue
that
A :
Employee recognition is gaining ground these days.
B :
Employee recognition in whatever form is a solace for most.