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Neither misery nor folly seems to be any part of the inevitable lot of man. And I am convinced that intelligence, patience and eloquence can, sooner or later, lead the human race out of its self imports tortures provide it does not exterminate itself meanwhile.
On the basis of this belief, I have always had the certain degree of optimism, although, as i have grown older, the optimism has grown more sober and the happy issues more distant. But I remain completely incapable of agreeing with those who accept fatalistically the view that man has born to trouble. The causes of unhappiness in the past and in the present are not difficult to ascertain. They have been poverty, pestilence, and famine, which were due to man’s inadequate mastery of nature. They have been wars, oppressions and tortures which have been due to men’s hostility to their fellow men. And they have been morbid miseries fostered by gloomy creeds, which have led men into profound inner discords that made all outward prosperity of no avail. All this are unnecessary. In regard to all of them, means are known by which they can be overcome. In the modern world if communities are unhappy, it is because they choose to be so. Or to speak more precisely, because they have ignorance, habits, beliefs, and passions which are dearer to them then happiness or even life. I find many men in our dangerous age who seem to in love with misery and death and grow angry when hopes are suggested to them.
At first I imagine that the task of awaking people to the dangers of the Nuclear Peril should not be very difficult. I shared the general belief that the motive of self preservation is a very powerful one which, when it comes into operation, generally overrides all others. I thought that people would not like the prospect of being fried with their families and their neighbours and every living person that they had heard of. I thought that it would be necessary to make the danger known and that, when this had been done, men of all parties will unite to restore previous safety. I found that this is a mistake. There is a motive which is stronger than self preservation; it is the desire to get the better of the other fellow.[1] Which of the following option BEST describes the gist of the passage?
(1) Unhappiness is the matter of personal choice and is not external to oneself.
(2) Happiness lies in acknowledging future possibilities of gloom.
(3) Unhappiness lies in the discovery of self-belief and assessment.
(4) Happiness comes from facing unpleasant possibilities.[2] In the passage, the word ‘fatalistically’ refers to:
(1) pre-assessed
(2) pre-viewed
(3) pre-ordained
(4) pre-fixed[3] From the line “And they have been morbid miseries fostered by gloomy creeds, which have led men into profound inner discords that made all outward prosperity of no avail.”, it can be deduced that:
(1) Prosperity has vanished due to people’s greed and desire for destruction.
(2) Man- made unhappiness makes people view wealth and material
(3) Sadness has led to severe miseries.
(4) Hostility towards one’s own kind can destroy inner peace.asked in JMET
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